Informative Speech On Haarp - 1193 Words

Informative Speech Outline Presenter: Dylan Tucker General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: To inform the audience about the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) and the conspiracy theories that came from it. Central Idea: HAARP was created to research the Ionosphere but is also believed to have other capabilities. I. Introduction A. The government has a lot of power but is it possible that they have created a machine that could affect the whole world as well as all the people in it. B. Today I am here to inform you about the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) and its intentions. C. Through many online articles and videos I was able to gather quality information about HAARP and its†¦show more content†¦i. HAARP sits on a 40 acre lot in a barbed wire protected facility Transition: Now that we talked a little bit about the background of HAARP, let’s move on to the government’s view of the topic. III. Governments view of HAARP A. According to HAARP’s former project manager John Heckscher’s, â€Å"The site itself is strictly a scientific research site.† 1. HAARP is believed to be a very powerful radio that only goes into space. a. HAARP sends power into the sky that allows scientist to gather data that would help improve technology with communications. 2. Dennis Papadopoulos is a physicist at the University of Maryland and believes that HAARP is just a â€Å"big radio station with more power† that helps improve underwater communication. Transition: Now that we know the government’s perspective, let’s talk about HAARP conspiracy theories. IV. Conspiracy theories A. People all across the world are terrified that the government sends planes to release chemicals into the air called chemical trails. 1. These chemical trails consist of metallic particles of aluminum, barium, and strontium. a. This is believed by many conspiracy theorist to enhance the connection between the lower and upper atmosphere and allows HAARP to manipulate the atmosphere. 2. Many conspiracy theorist believe that chemical trails contain nano aluminum particles that are

Essay on Legalizing Marijuana A Dangerous Drug or a Powerful Cure

Legalization of cannabis has been a very controversial issue in the United States for a long time; even more so after several states have already passed the legislation lifting the ban. Should all marijuana be legal? Is it dangerous? What are the possible implications of this? It is one of these topics that people just cannot help but have diametrically opposite viewpoints on. For decades marijuana was considered to be a dangerous drug, leading to criminal behavior and personal degradation. However, by now most of these beliefs have been discredited – there is little to no proof that cannabis in and of itself has any adverse effects. Some studies even show that it is far less dangerous than many completely legal prescription drugs – both for its users and those around them. In addition to that, there is corroborative proof of marijuana’s positive medical effects. Cannabis is beneficial for epilepsy patients, it eases nausea caused by chemotherapy and shows good results when used by people suffering from AIDS, glaucoma, multiple sclerosis and a number of other conditions. In other words, legalization of cannabis can greatly improve the quality of life of all these people, while proof of its lasting or even temporary adverse effects remains more than scarce. But even if we take medical use of cannabis aside, let’s ask ourselves a simple question: the war on drugs has been raging for decades, billions of government spending have been poured down this sinkhole, hundreds of thousands of people were convicted on drug charges, tens of thousands are getting killed in drug wars in Mexico and South America – yet the results are less than nil. Drug trade is running rampant, tens of thousands die in drug-related shootings and gang warfare, prisons are overfilled with people charged with possession or selling drugs (and a large percentage of them has been arrested over finding a tiny amount of marijuana on them), time in prison makes it difficult for these people to find proper jobs later on, again pushing them towards criminal activities, thousands of addicts die due to overdose. It seems that Prohibition era should have taught us that criminalizing an activity doesn’t make it disappear – it simply procreates organized crime. Most narcotic drugs are relatively simple and cheap in production – their high prices are caused by their illegal status and dangers accompanying producing and selling them. The war on drugs is exactly what causes drug mafia to exist in the first place – and in the long run, losses from the war on drugs by far exceed any positive effects it may have. That is the prime reason to legalize marijuana and, ideally, drugs in general. It is impossible to eliminate them. It is impossible to protect people from themselves. If somebody wants to follow his or her self-destructive tendencies, it is not the state’s job to be his or her nanny. If drugs are legalized and cheap, a drug addict is very unlikely to harm anybody but himself – and we should take into account a greatly diminished risk of overdose, infection and other dangers accompanying illicit drugs.

The Stanford (Zimbardo) Experiment Free Essays

THE STANFORD EXPERIMENT What happens when you put good people in an evil place? How the environment affect behaviours , attitudes or beliefs of people? Philip Zimbardo was interested in this questions. Zimvardo choose a prison enviroment as the evil place. Zimbardo prepare the basement of Stanford University Psychlogy Department like a prison to avoid security problems. We will write a custom essay sample on The Stanford (Zimbardo) Experiment or any similar topic only for you Order Now All of the conditions in basement change for experiment such as guards uniform , prisoners overalls, grates , dark cell etc. Zimbardo gave sun-glasses to guards to avoid personel relation between guards and prisoners with the barricade eye contact. After the preperation had been completed , Zimbardo choose 21 people with no physically and mental healt issue. These people came after see the newspaper announce. Subjects seperated two groups as prisoners and guard randomly. Prisoners arrested like a real guilty and their eyes bandaged so they couldn’t recognize where they are. Firstly Zimbardo tell to guards conditions and rules. The rules are; * Guardians responsible for keep the pattern safe in prison. * If a prisoner escape , The experiment would have been terminated * As the last and most important one is no violance to prisoners. First day the subjects of the experiment couldn’t adapt their roles but day by day guards have adapted their roles more than Zimbardo expected also prisoners. A few day later guards started to behave sadistic and tendency to physically violence. On the other hand prisoners had emotional problems. There are two key people on each side Guard John Wayne and Prisoner 8612. John Wayne had so sadictic behaviours and their leader character effect other guards. Actually, John Wayne play the Hand Luke role in this experiment. John Wayne watched a movie called â€Å"Cool Hand Luke† in this movie there are a guardian named Hand Luke , John Wayne choose Hand Luke as a role model in this experiment. Prisoner 8612 The rebellion leader was Prisoner 8621. He was lead them to rebel against the rules and they make barriers with their beds to block guards. Guards punish Prisoner 8612 with staying the dark room. After the hard conditions , Prisoner 8612 decided quiting the experiment and then he gone to Zimbardo. Zimbardo tell him that If you stay in the experiment, I save you from bad behaviors of guards for telleing whatever prisoners do in cells. 612 confused and when he turn back to the cells tell other prisoners that â€Å"We can not get out of here†. And this effect the experiment essentially. Prisoner 8612 try to escape with patient role , by the time he adapted the patient role and he had mental problems. After that Zimbardo replace him with another subject Prisoner 416. When Prisoner 416 join there , he want to get out as soon as possible. Because Prisoner 416 had not adapted the role but everybody in prison adapted, and things that happenin in prison seems insane. Guards tell him that â€Å"Here is a real prison. and persuade Prisoner 416 to stay in. Prisoner 416 could not endure guards bad behaviour and he start hunger strike. John Wayne persuade other guards about the punisment of Prisoner 416 as a leader. Guards put in black room and punish other prisoners , and they say â€Å"You would punish because of Prisoner 416†. Other prisoners exclude Prisoner 416. Another psychologist Cristina Maslach came to observe the experiment and Maslach questioned its morality , and Zimbardo decided to terminate the experiment before 9days earlier CONCLUSIONS The Stanford experiment ended on six days after it began. Zimbardo called both the guards and prisoners to a meeting and announced that the experiment is over. The experiment’s results are   impressionability and obedience of people when provided with a legitimizing ideology  and social and institutional support. Result are similar with Milgram experiment. CRITICISM OF EXPERIMENT The guards, prisoners also Zimbardo adapted to their roles more completely than expected. One-third of the guards were judged to have exhibited sadistic tendencies. One-five of the Prisoners had emotional problems. Unexpectedly, Zimbardo act a prison manager. This study was cleared by the Ethics Code of the American Psychological Association, showing that experiments on paper can look very different than the way that they play out in reality. The experiment was criticized as unethical and unscientific. The participants were only engaging in  role-playing. In response, Zimbardo claimed that even if there was role-playing initially, participants  internalized  these roles as the experiment continued. More directly, though, it has been pointed out that, in contrast to Zimbardo’s laim that participants were given no instructions about how to behave, his briefing of the guards gave them a clear sense that they should oppress the prisoners. In this sense the study was an exploration of the effects of tyrannical leadership. In line with this, certain guards, such as one known as â€Å"John Wayne†, changed their behavior because of wanting to conform to the behavior that Zimbardo wa s trying to elicit. VARIABLES Actually nobody can say the experiment fail because of early termination. The experiment over before 9 days earlier than planned but the results are so important as scientific. We have to use Occam’s razor to get rid of less effective independent variables, Some independent variables for Guards result * Prison environment (as an evil place) Contaminating variables * Power (as a Guard) Guard models (like Hand Luke) Moderator * Perfectly prepared prison environment Intervening variable * Losing responsibility Dependent variable * Acting Role perfectly Independent variables for Prisoners * Prison environment (as a pressure area) * Obedience instinct Moderator Prisoner 8621 say to other prisoners that â€Å"Noone can leave† Intervening variable * Individualization Dependent variable * Acting Roles and feel like a real prisoner ASSESMENT OF THE EXPERIMENT The Stanford Experiment is a psychological experiment. Inputs are people so lots of contaminate variables effect the results. Elimination of contaminate variables processes is so important also a hard thing for the experiment. Zimbardo try to get reliable resolutions like randomization for guard and prisoner groups. But this experiment is an unrepeatable experiment so confidence interval of results had been accept true. How to cite The Stanford (Zimbardo) Experiment, Papers

Guiding Procedures for Response to Emergency Situations on Construction Projects free essay sample

The Safety Rules requires that the constructor shall establish Emergency Response Procedures for every project, Life Insurance of worker is also mandatory clause of the contract agreement in Pakistan but normally not implemented in letter and sprite. This article will be useful to assist constructors in developing Emergency Response Procedures. Detailed Emergency Plan helps to minimize the human suffering and economic losses that can result from emergencies. It should be understood that the size and complexity of projects, as well as their access and location, have a bearing on the degree of planning necessary for emergencies. It is therefore strongly recommended that the constructor ensure that a member of staff on site assist in developing the emergency response plan. The Planning Process Planning shall begin before any work commences on the project. Although there may be little time between the award of the contract and the start of the project, a good emergency response plan can be generic and, with some minor changes, can be easily adapted to specific sites and readily implemented. This is especially the case where a constructor specializes in similar types of projects. For meaningful Development of Response Plan following considerations should be kept in mind: 1) Identification and assessment of hazard 2) Assessment of resources 3) Mean of communication 4) Implementation of the plan 5) Basic Principles 6) Sharing the Procedure 7) Post Emergency Consideration Each of these points is explained in the following sections. Identification and assessment of hazard The process of hazard identification and assessment involves a thorough review that should include, but not be limited to, the following points: †¢ Transportation, materials handling, hoisting, equipment or product installation, temporary structures, material storage, start-up, and commissioning activities †¢ Environmental concerns †¢ Consultation with the client regarding potential hazards when working in or adjacent to operating facilities †¢ Resources such as material safety data sheets (MSDSs) to determine potential hazards from on-site materials. †¢ Proximity to traffic and public ways. Because construction sites are frequently fast-changing, the process of hazard assessment must be ongoing to accommodate the dynamic environment. Once hazards are identified, the next task is to assess the potential or risk involved in each. For each hazard identified, ask: †¢ What can go wrong? †¢ What are the consequences? For each potential hazard it is important to identify resources necessary for an appropriate emergency response. For most events in construction, a simple analysis based on the experience of the people involved on the project is likely sufficient. Assessment of resources It is important to identify which resources are available and have contingency plans in place to make up for any deficiencies. The most important resource on most projects will be a provincial rescue system like 1122. It is essential to verify that rescue system is in effect in the area. Most cities of Punjab have a 1122 system in place, but it is important to know the facilities or limitations available in that location. Is a high-reach rescue team available? What is the response time? What must site personnel do in the meantime? Other on-site resources such as fire extinguishers, spills containment equipment, and first aid kits must be maintained and clearly identified. Construction equipment may be included among potential emergency resources. Personnel, especially on-site medical staff or workers trained in first aid, should be included in the plan. There may be situations where outside resources are so far away that an adequate response is not possible. In these situations, resources may have to be obtained and kept on site. Examples would include fire protection or ambulance/medical resources in remote areas. Whatever the situation may be, people, equipment, facilities, and materials are needed for emergency response. Where they will come from must be determined in advance. Moreover, the people supplying these resources must be made aware of their role in the plan. Mean of communication An important key to effective emergency response is a communications system that can relay accurate information quickly. To do this, reliable communications equipment must be used, procedures developed, and personnel trained. It is a good idea to have a backup system in place, in case the ystem is rendered useless by the emergency. For example, telephone lines may be cut. The type and location of emergency communication systems must be posted on the project. This will include location of telephones, a list of site personnel with cellular phones or two-way radios, and any other equipment available. Emergency phone numbers and the site address/location should be posted beside all site phones. On large sites, the location of emergency phones must be clearly marked. The poster like Emergency Response can be used to record this and other information. A communication system must be made up of strategically placed equipment and properly defined responsibilities. The emergency response plan posted in a conspicuous place on the project must identify the designated equipment and the people to operate it. Implementation of the plan The task of administering and organizing the plan is vital to its effectiveness. The person who has this task will normally be the person in charge of the emergency response operation or may be assigned to Quality Control Manager (QCM). It is their task to ensure that everyone clearly understands their roles and responsibilities within the emergency response plan (a chart may be helpful in this regard), that emergency resources, whether people or equipment, are kept at adequate levels in step with the progress of the project. It is very important to review the emergency plan on a regular basis and especially after an emergency has occurred. Changes may be necessary where deficiencies became apparent as the plan went into operation. Basic Principles An emergency can be reported from any source i. e. orker on site, an outside agency, or the public. Remember that circumstances may change during the course of an emergency. Any procedures you develop must be able to respond to the ongoing situation. The following list covers basic actions to take in an emergency. These steps apply to almost any emergency and should be followed in sequence. †¢ Stay calm. †¢ Assess the situation. †¢ Take command. †¢ Pro vide protection. †¢ Aid and manage. †¢ Maintain contacts. †¢ Guide emergency services. Stay calm – Your example can influence others and thereby aid the emergency response. Assess the situation – Determine what happened and what the emergency is. Look at the big picture. What has happened to whom and what will continue to happen if no action is taken? Try to identify the cause that must be controlled to eliminate immediate, ongoing, or further danger. Take command – The most senior person on the scene should take charge and call, or delegate someone to call, emergency services and explain the situation. Assign tasks for controlling the emergency. This action also helps to maintain order and prevent panic. Provide protection – Eliminate further losses and safeguard the area. Control the energy source causing the emergency. Protect victims, equipment, materials, environment, and accident scene from continuing damage or further hazards. Divert traffic, suppress fire, prevent objects from falling, shut down equipment or utilities, and take other necessary measures. Preserve the accident scene; only disturb what is essential to maintain life or relieve human suffering and prevent immediate or further losses. Aid and manage – Provide first aid or help those already doing so. Manage personnel at the scene. Organize the workforce for both a headcount and emergency assignments. Direct all workers to a safe location or command post. This makes it easier to identify the missing, control panic, and assign people to emergency duties. Dispatch personnel to guide emergency services on arrival. Maintain contact – Keep emergency services informed of situation. Contact utilities such as SNGPL, SSGPL, Electric Supply etc. where required. Alert management and keep them informed. Exercise increasing control over the emergency until immediate hazards are controlled or eliminated and causes can be identified. Guide Emergency Services – Meet services on site. Lead them to emergency scene. Explain ongoing and potential hazards and cause(s), if known. Sharing the Procedure To be effective, an Emergency Response Procedure must be clearly communicated to all site personnel. The following activities should be considered: †¢ Share the procedure with new site subcontractors and new workers to ensure that it covers their activities adequately. †¢ Share the procedure with suppliers to ensure that it covers any hazards that the storage or delivery of their materials might create. Share new work areas in operating plants with owner/client to ensure that new hazards are identified and covered in the procedure. †¢ Share the procedure with the Joint Health and Safety Committee or Health and Safety Representative on a regular basis to address new hazards or significant changes in site conditions. †¢ Place the procedure in a conspicuous location. The Emergency Response Procedure for a construction project must continually undergo review and revision to meet changing conditions. Post Emergency Consideration The recovery process, or what happens after the emergency response has been completed, is a critical step in the plan. Many emergency tasks may be handled by people who are not accustomed to dealing with emergencies. People may have seen their work partners and friends badly injured and suffering great pain. Once the emergency is over, the attitude should not be â€Å"Okay, let’s get back to work† or â€Å"Let’s go home. † Some of the people involved may need assistance in order to recover. In some cases professional counselling may be needed. As part of site emergency planning, construction companies should have measures in place to deal with post-traumatic stress. Local hospitals, ambulance services, and medical practitioners may be able to help. Debriefing is necessary to review how well the plan worked in the emergency and to correct any deficiencies that were identified. Debriefing is critical to the success of future emergency response planning. Conclusion Slow response, lack of resources, or the absence of trained personnel will lead to chaos in an emergency.